Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C) and lightly grease an 8x8-inch baking dish.
In a bowl, combine strawberries, sweetener, lemon zest, vanilla, and salt; mix gently and spread into the baking dish.
In a separate bowl, beat softened cream cheese until smooth; add powdered sweetener and vanilla and mix until creamy. Drop spoonfuls over strawberries without mixing.
Whisk almond flour, coconut flour, sweetener, baking powder, and salt. Stir in melted butter and egg. Add heavy cream gradually until batter is thick and scoopable.
Drop spoonfuls of topping over the dish, leaving small gaps.
Bake 30–35 minutes, until golden and bubbling. Cool 10–15 minutes before serving.